Patterns of Traumatic Brain Injuries in Patients Presenting at a Tertiary Care Unit

Pir Saad; Muhammad Shehzad Khan Wazir; Dawood Sohail; Shahbaz Ali Khan; Atif Ibrahim; Muhammad Waqas

doi:10.35787/jimdc.v7i4.264

Pir Saad Polio Eradication Officer World Health Organization, United Nation
Muhammad Shehzad Khan Wazir Ayub Medical and Dental College Abbatabad
Dawood Sohail Trainee Medical Officer, North West Hospital Peshawer
Shahbaz Ali Khan Associate Professor, Department of Neurosergery Ayub Medical and Dental College Abbatabad
Atif Ibrahim Trainee Medical Officer, Rehman Medical Institute Peshawer
Muhammad Waqas Demonstrator, Rehman Medical Institute Peshawer

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v7i4.264

Keywords: Extradural hematoma, Glasgow Coma Scale, Intracranial bleed, ubarachnoid hemorrhage, Subdural hematoma

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of traumatic brain injuries.
Patients and Methods: Questionnaire based data was collected from an inpatient population of patients who presented to the Neurosurgical Unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital with traumatic brain injuries. CAT scan (Computerized Automated Tomography scan) was used as the imaging modality for preliminary diagnosis. The data was collected over a period of three years. Non-probability purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique. Patients of both sexes and all ages were included in the study.
Results: Out of a total of 1938 patients, 1470 (75.9%) were males and 468 (24.1%) were females. Patients from 20 to 40 years’ age group (38.1%) represented the greatest number. Fall (52.6%) was found to be the most common external cause of Traumatic brain injury, followed by Road Traffic Accidents (34.1%). Most of the patients (42.4%) had a GCS score falling between 8 and 12. No lesion was found at the initial CAT scan in most of the patients (27.2%). Depressed Skull Fracture (21.4%) was the most common abnormal finding in initial imaging. Conservative (78.3%) treatment was provided to most of the patients keeping in view the appropriate management requirements. 97.8% of the patients were treated successfully.
Conclusion: The quality of care at Neurosurgery Ayub Teaching Hospital was found to be up to the mark for traumatic brain injuries patients. However, the standard of care at Kashmir and Balakot needs to be re-evaluated.