Antimicrobial activity by solvents extracted from Ocimum basilicum herb against multidrug resistant gram negative rods.

Amna Ikram; Sidrah Saleem; Muhammad Imran; Ayesha Ghazal

doi:10.35787/jimdc.v10i4.673

Amna Ikram Scholar, Microbiology, University of health sciences, Lahore
Sidrah Saleem Head of Department, Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
Muhammad Imran Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
Ayesha Ghazal Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v10i4.673

Keywords: Multi-drug Resistance, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Ocimum bassilicum

Abstract

Background: Failure of treatment with antibiotics occurs due to increase in number of Multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria, worldwide. The objective of this study was to find out the antimicrobial activity of crude ethanolic extract and its further three fractions by Ocimum basilicum leaves against multi drug resistant gram negative rods.

Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore from 1^st july 2016 to 30^th june 2017. Total 80 multidrug resistant gram negative rods were included in this study. Agar dilution method was performed to determine MIC of crude ethanolic extract and different fractions i-e n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate of Ocimum basilicum leaves against multidrug resistant gram negative rods i-e ESBLs and carbapenemase producers. Muti-inoculater was used for inoculation.

Results: The mean MICs of crude ethanolic extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of Ocimum basilicum against ESBLs were 100.0±8.00, 168.13±8.00, 176.88±8.00 41.75±8.00 respectively. Similarly, the mean MICs of crude ethanolic extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of Ocimum basilicum against carbapenemase producers were 77.50±8.00, 113.75±8.00, 132.50±8.00 and 29.50±8.00 respectively.

Conclusions: Ethyl acetate fraction and crude ethanolic extract from leaves of Ocimum basilicum showed good antibacterial effectiveness against ESBLs and carbapenem resistant organisms than other fractions. This finding may also promote the effective use of O. basilicum herb and its components in modern medicine.