Evaluation of the Occlusal Contact between the Opposing Teeth and the Cusp of Carabelli in Maxillary Permanent First Molars in Patients Visiting Peshawar Dental College

Abstract

Background: The Cusp of Carabelli is a small additional cusp which is situated on the mesiopalatal surface of first maxillary molars. This nonfunctional cusp comes in many forms including furrows, ridges or pits and is collectively known as the Carabelli trait

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of the occlusal contacts between the accessory cusp of Carabelli and the opposing arch tooth among both genders in patients attending the out-patients department of Peshawar Dental Hospital, Peshawar

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 subjects visiting the OPD of Peshawar Dental Hospital from October 2022 to December 2022. The sample size was calculated using WHO formula N=p(100-p)z²/d² (Http://www.fao.orgThe age group selected for the participants was from 13-30 years. Consecutive sampling technique was used.). Articulating paper was used to assess the occlusal contacts caused by the cusp of Carabelli. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Pearson’s chi square test was applied to analyze the data. P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The results of the current study showed that 10.7% of the participants experienced occlusal contacts caused by the presence of their accessory cusp with the opposing arch tooth with no statistically significant difference between genders.

Conclusion: The cusp of Carabelli is the most prevailing variation found on the palatal aspect of mesiopalatal cusp of permanent maxillary first molars in a hospital-based inhabitants of Peshawar with rare occlusal contacts experienced by the patients.

Key words: Cusp of Carabelli, Maxillary permanent first molars, Occlusal contact.