Esophagogastroduodenoscopy at a Tertiary Care Hospital: Common Indications, Endoscopic Findings and Interventional Approach

Abstract

Objective: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is frequently performed as a screening, diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in patients presenting to gastroenterology department. No data documentation of EGD with demographics, indications, findings and intervention performed is available for our tertiary care setup in recent years. The aim of this study is to assess the common indications, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) findings and therapeutic procedures performed in patients undergoing EGD for various gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on 127 patients in department of Gastroenterology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital. Duration of study was six months. Collected data included name, age, gender, indications for EGD, mode of presentation, EGD findings and therapeutic procedures that were performed. Statistical package for social sciences version 23 was used to analyze the data.

Results: Mean age was 47.85 ± 6.74 years with male to female ratio of 1.04. Most common indications for EGD included upper GI bleed 25.19% and dyspepsia 22.83%. The three most common EGD findings were esophageal varices (34.64%), portal gastropathy (24.4%) and mild gastritis (14.96%). Variceal banding was the most common procedure performed.

Conclusion: In our tertiary care hospital, upper GI bleed is the most common indication for EGD. Esophageal varices is the most common EGD finding encountered and variceal banding is the commonest procedure performed.

Key words: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; EGD; Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; Upper gastrointestinal bleed; Varices; Gastritis; Gastropathy; variceal banding