Non-Motor Symptoms and Their Associated Factors in Parkinson’s Disease

Wajeeha Qayyum; Sohail Khan; Muhammad Shahid Iqbal; Muhammad Fozan Khan; Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai; Fawad Jan

doi:10.35787/jimdc.v10i4.669

Wajeeha Qayyum Senor Registrar, Department of Medicine and Allied, Rehman Medical Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Sohail Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Rehman Medical Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Rehman Medical Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Muhammad Fozan Khan Consultant, physician and store Medicine, Rehman Medical Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai Medical Officer, Department of Medicine and Allied, Rehman Medical Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7008-3871
Fawad Jan Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Gajju Khan Medical College, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v10i4.669

Keywords: Depression, Orthostatic hypotension, Parkinson disease

Abstract

Background: Parkinson's disease is a common neurologic ailment that causes tremor and bradykinesia. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is estimated to be 1–2 in 1000, affecting about 1% of the population over the age of 60 years. The objective of this study was to find the frequency of Non-Motor Symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and its association with various factors.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar for 1 year from 1st Oct 2019- 30th Sep 2020. A total of 68 patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) were included by consecutive nonprobability sampling. Non-motor symptoms (NMS) were evaluated and noted in a predesigned proforma. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS 21.

Results: The age of the participants was 62.10±10.01 years. 58.82%(n=40) were males, 47.05%(n=32) belonged to urban residence. Mean duration of illness was 4.52±3.82 years. NMS were found in 100% (n=68) patients. Among NMS, sleep disturbance was the most common symptom found in 77.9% (n=53) followed by constipation that was present in 75% (n=51) of patients. Among associated factors with NMS, hallucinations were significantly associated with advanced age (P = 0.004). Orthostatic hypotension was associated with longer duration of disease (P = 0.03). Depression was significantly associated with other comorbid states.

Conclusion: Non-Motor Symptoms were seen in all the patients presenting to Neurology OPD of Rehman Medical Institute. The most common NMS was sleep disturbance followed by constipation and depression. Hallucinations were observed significantly more in elderly patients.