Etiology and Pattern of Partially Dentate States with respect to Gender and Choice of Treatment

Abstract

Objectives: Edentulism is an irreversible chronic condition that seriously affects the stomatognathic system. Consequently, determining its etiology and pattern with respect to the choice of treatment may contribute to prioritizing preventive and rehabilitative oral health interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the causes and patterns of partially dentate states with respect to gender and their respective choice of treatment
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 555 patients visiting the prosthodontics department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine for a duration of five months from 15th Oct’2019 to 15th March’2020. A close-ended well-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The descriptive analysis was carried out using SPSS-25 and Chi-square test was used, to find the effect of gender, and number of missing teeth on partially dentate arch classification. The p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: The results of the study showed the two most common causes of missing teeth were caries (66.3%), and periodontal disease (13.8%). It was also found that Kennedy’s and Mauk’s class 3 to be the most prevalent in maxilla 159 (61.3%), 98(37.1%) and 148 (50%), 120 (41.23%) in mandible. Osborne’s class 2 was most prevalent with 127 (48.65%) in the mandible and 171 (58.16%) in the maxilla, respectively. Furthermore, both genders were found to have Kennedy’s and Mauk’s class 3 and Osborne class 2. Ironically, the majority of the patients choose acrylic partial dentures as a treatment option for the replacement of missing teeth.
Conclusion: This study describes that Kennedys, Mauk’s Class 3 and Osborne Class 2 were found in the majority of participants. Dental caries and periodontal disease were the common cause of missing teeth with acrylic partial denture remained the most opted treatment option.